21. Principles of Disease

In which of the following diseases would a patient experience a pseudomembrane covering the tonsils, pharynx, and larynx?

a. Tuberculoid leprosy

b. Diphtheria

c. Arrhythmia

d. Tetanus

Contrast tuberculoid leprosy with lepromatous leprosy in terms of pathogenesis. How does the cellular immune response of a patient affect the form of the disease?

Explain how mice are used in the diagnosis of botulism poisoning.

Why do pediatricians recommend that children under one year never be fed honey?

Which of the following bacteria might be responsible for the formation of petechiae in a host?

a. Neisseria meningitidis

b. Escherichia coli O157:H7

c. Klebsiella

d. Proteus mirabilis

Two weeks after a backpacking trip in Tennessee, a hiker experienced flulike symptoms

and noticed a red rash on his thigh. What is the likely cause of his illness?

a. Treponema pallidum pertenue

b. Borrelia burgdorferi

c. Borrelia recurrentis

d. Leptospira interrogans

Historical journals have described gummas on patients. What disease most likely caused

these lesions?

a. ornithosis

b. syphilis

c. trachoma

d. pneumonia

Match the pathogen with the listed disease(s) it causes.

___ Chlamydophila psittaci

___ Chlamydophila pneumoniae

___ Chlamydia trachomatis

___ Treponema pallidum pallidum

___ Treponema pallidum pertenue

___ Treponema pallidum endemicum

___ Treponema carateum

___ Borrelia burgdorferi

A. Syphilis

B. Trachoma

C. Sinusitis

D. Lymphogranuloma venereum

E. Proctitis

F. Pelvic inflammatory disease

G. Ornithosis

H. Yaws

I. Bejel

J. Pinta

K. Lyme disease

Match the following diseases with the causative pathogen(s).

___ Peptic ulcers

___ Gastroenteritis (various forms)

___ Blood poisoning

___ Cholera

A. Vibrio cholerae

B. Vibrio parahaemolyticus

C. Vibrio vulnificus

D. Campylobacter jejuni

E. Helicobacter pylori

A fungus that can infect both healthy and immunocompromised patients is called

a(n)

a. true pathogen

b. opportunistic pathogen

c. commensal organism

d. symbiotic organism

Of the following fungi, which is usually transmitted from person to person?

a. Blastomyces dermatitidis

b. Coccidioides immitis

c. Tricophyton rubrum

d. Aspergillus fumigatus

Which of the following is not used to identify true fungal pathogens?

a. Growth at 25°C and 37°C to show dimorphism

b. GMS staining of infected tissues

c. Serological testing

d. Clinical symptoms alone

Because amphotericin B is toxic to humans, most clinicians prescribe it only for

a. dermatophyte infections

b. Malassezia infections

c. systemic infections

d. mushroom poisoning

Ringworm is caused by a____

a. helminth

b. dermatophyte

c. dimorphic fungus

d. commensal fungus

Which of the following is considered a classical opportunistic fungus?

a. Blastomyces

b. Histoplasma

c. Fonsecaea

d. Aspergillus