27. Protists

Protist Cells

Explain the logic behind the claim that the nuclear envelope is a synapomorphy that defines eukaryotes as a monophyletic group.

Protist

 No. Hypermastigotes live in the guts of termites and some cockroaches and make it possible for them to digest wood. 

Think about how some protists fill the role of decomposers.

Hypermastigotes are important endosymbionts that live in the guts of __________.

Protist Nutritional Strategies

Protists

Evaluate the following statements regarding motility in protists. Select True or False for each statement.
T/F Amoeboid motion is common in species with cell walls.
T/F Some protists use flagella to swim.
T/F Some protists use cilia to swim, which are shorter and more numerous than flagella.
T/F Amoeboid motion requires ATP and interactions between the proteins actin and myosin.

Secondary Endosymbiosis

Protists and Fungi

EUKARYOGENESIS the origin of eukaryotes: Part 7--Secondary Endosymbiosis

Protist Cells 1

Descendants of Secondary Endosymbiosis: Phaeophyta

Short Video: Dinoflagellate

Protist Cells 2

Various Ciliated Protozoa. Kingdom Protista. DIC Lighting Technique.

Based on the phylogenetic tree in Figure 28.5, which of the following statements is correct?
(A)Excavata and SAR form a sister group.
(B)The most recent common ancestor of SAR is older than that of Unikonta.
(C)The most basal (first to diverge) eukaryotic supergroup cannot be determined.
(D)Excavata is the most basal eukaryotic supergroup.

EVOLUTION CONNECTION • DRAW IT Medical researchers seek to develop drugs that can kill or restrict the growth of human pathogens yet have few harmful effects on patients. These drugs often work by disrupting the metabolism of the pathogen or by targeting its structural features.
Draw and label a phylogenetic tree that includes an ancestral prokaryote and the following groups of organisms: Excavata, SAR, Archaeplastida, Unikonta, and, within Unikonta, amoebozoans, animals, choanoflagellates, fungi, and nucleariids. Based on this tree, hypothesize whether it would be most difficult to develop drugs to combat human pathogens that are prokaryotes, protists, animals, or fungi. (You do not need to consider the evolution of drug resistance by the pathogen.)

 No. Protists perform around 30% of photosynthesis. 

Think about the importance of protists in carbon balance.

What percentage of the world's photosynthesis is carried out by protists?

Everything you need to know about protists

Short Video: Chlamydomonas

Protist Cells 3

Protists | Biology

Protist Song

Kingdom Protista

Why are protists considered paraphyletic?

a. They include many extinct forms, including lineages that no longer have any living representatives.
b. They include some but not all descendants of their most recent common ancestor.
c. They represent all of the descendants of a single common ancestor.
d. Not all protists have all of the synapomorphies that define the Eukarya, such as a nucleus.

Short Video: Volvox Flagella

Kingdom of  Protista

 some protists are autotrophic and others are heterotrophic 

 No. This is true, but there is a more specific answer to explain their dissatisfaction. 

 protist cells are more similar to prokaryotic cells than to eukaryotic cells 

 various pieces of evidence indicate that the Protista are not polyphyletic 

 No. Evidence indicates that the Protista are polyphyletic. 

 All of the listed responses are correct. 

 No. Only one of the other choices is correct. 

 various pieces of evidence indicate that the kingdom Protista cannot be monophyletic 

Consider the goal of cladistics.

The placement of all protists in one kingdom caused dissatisfaction among taxonomists mainly because __________.

Learn the toughest concepts covered in Biology1&2 with step-by-step video tutorials and practice problems by world-class tutors 

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1. Introduction to Biology

2. Chemistry

3. Water

4. Biomolecules

5. Cell Components

6. The Membrane

7. Energy and Metabolism

8. Respiration

9. Photosynthesis

10. Cell Signaling

11. Cell Division

12. Meiosis

13. Mendelian Genetics

14. DNA Synthesis

15. Gene Expression

16. Regulation of Expression

17. Viruses

18. Biotechnology

19. Genomics

20. Development

21. Evolution by Natural Selection

22. Evolution of Populations

23. Speciation

24. History of Life on Earth

25. Phylogeny

26. Prokaryotes

28. Plants

29. Fungi

30. Overview of Animals

31. Invertebrates

32. Vertebrates

33. Plant Anatomy

34. Vascular Plant Transport

35. Soil

36. Plant Reproduction

37. Plant Sensation and Response

38. Animal Form and Function

39. Digestive System

40. Circulatory System

41. Immune System

42. Osmoregulation and Excretion

43. Endocrine System

44. Animal Reproduction

45. Nervous System

46. Sensory Systems

47. Muscle Systems

48. Ecology

49. Animal Behavior

50. Population Ecology

51. Community Ecology

52. Ecosystems

53. Conservation Biology

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