21. Principles of Disease

Before 2005, why was a test for antibodies against rubella required for females under age 50 before issuing a marriage license?

Identify the diseases based on the symptoms in the following chart.

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What complications can occur from HSV-1 infections?

A patient exhibits inflammatory skin lesions that itch intensely. Microscopic examination of skin scrapings reveals an eight-legged arthropod. What is your diagnosis? How is the disease treated? What would you conclude if you saw a six-legged arthropod?

Use the following information to answer questions 1 and 2. A 6-year old girl was taken to the physician for evaluation of a slowly growing bump on the back of her head. The bump was a raised, scaling lesion 4 cm in diameter. A fungal culture of material from the lesion was positive for a fungus with numerous conidia.

The girl’s disease was

a. rubella.

b. candidiasis.

c. dermatomycosis.

d. a cold sore.

e. none of the above

Provide the following information on poliomyelitis: etiology, method of transmission, symptoms, prevention. Why aren’t the Salk and Sabin vaccines considered treatments for poliomyelitis?

Which of the following does not have an animal reservoir or vector?

a. listeriosis

b. cryptococcosis

c. amebic meningoencephalitis

d. rabies

e. African trypanosomiasis

Compare and contrast epidemic typhus, endemic murine typhus, and tickborne typhus.

Complete the following table. <IMAGE>

Complete the following table. <IMAGE>

List the causative agent, method of transmission, and reservoir for schistosomiasis, toxoplasmosis, and Chagas disease. Which disease are you most likely to get in the United States? Where are the other diseases endemic?

List the causative agent and method of transmission of infectious mononucleosis.

Most people have been infected with this microorganism, often without symptoms. Infection during pregnancy can result in deafness or intellectual disabilities in the newborn.

Use the following choices to answer questions 1 through 4:

a. ehrlichiosis

b. Lyme disease

c. septic shock

d. toxoplasmosis

e. viral hemorrhagic fever

A patient presents with a history of fever and headache. Bacterial cultures of blood, CSF, and stool are negative. What is your diagnosis?

Nineteen workers in a slaughterhouse developed fever and chills, with the fever spiking to

40°C each evening. The most likely method of transmission of this disease is

a. a vector.

b. the respiratory route.

c. a puncture wound.

d. an animal bite.

e. water.