Which groups of organisms are most at risk of extinction due to their limited population sizes and specialized habitats?

• A. Invasive species
• B. Endemic species with small population sizes
• C. Domesticated animals
• D. Widespread generalist species

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of 'endemic species': These are organisms that are native to a specific geographic area and are not found naturally anywhere else. Their survival is often tied to the unique conditions of their habitat.
2. Recognize the factors that increase extinction risk: Limited population sizes and specialized habitats make species more vulnerable to environmental changes, habitat destruction, or other threats.
3. Compare the groups of organisms listed: Invasive species tend to thrive in new environments and are not at high risk of extinction. Domesticated animals are maintained by humans and are generally not at risk. Widespread generalist species can adapt to various environments, reducing their extinction risk.
4. Focus on endemic species: These species often have small population sizes and rely on specific habitats, making them highly susceptible to extinction if their habitat is altered or destroyed.
5. Conclude that endemic species with small population sizes are most at risk of extinction due to their dependence on specialized habitats and limited ability to adapt to changes.