Which of the following are inputs to the process of photosynthesis?

• A. Glucose (\(\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6}\))
• B. Carbon dioxide (\(\mathrm{CO_2}\))
• C. Oxygen (\(\mathrm{O_2}\))
• D. Water (\(\mathrm{H_2O}\))

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the process of photosynthesis: Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose. It occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells and involves two main stages: the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle.
2. Identify the inputs of photosynthesis: The inputs are substances required for the process to occur. These include carbon dioxide (\(\mathrm{CO_2}\)), water (\(\mathrm{H_2O}\)), and light energy. These inputs are used to produce glucose (\(\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6}\)) and oxygen (\(\mathrm{O_2}\)) as outputs.
3. Clarify why carbon dioxide (\(\mathrm{CO_2}\)) is an input: Carbon dioxide is absorbed from the atmosphere through small openings in leaves called stomata. It is used in the Calvin cycle to form glucose molecules.
4. Explain why water (\(\mathrm{H_2O}\)) is an input: Water is absorbed by the roots from the soil and transported to the leaves. In the light-dependent reactions, water molecules are split to release electrons, protons, and oxygen gas (\(\mathrm{O_2}\)).
5. Discuss why glucose (\(\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6}\)) and oxygen (\(\mathrm{O_2}\)) are not inputs: Glucose is the product of photosynthesis, not an input. Similarly, oxygen is released as a byproduct during the light-dependent reactions and is not required as an input for the process.