Which type of RNA is primarily responsible for carrying amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis?

• A. Transfer RNA (tRNA)
• B. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
• C. Messenger RNA (mRNA)
• D. Small nuclear RNA (snRNA)

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the role of each type of RNA in protein synthesis: Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome, Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) forms the structural and functional components of the ribosome, Transfer RNA (tRNA) carries amino acids to the ribosome, and Small nuclear RNA (snRNA) is involved in RNA splicing during gene expression.
2. Focus on the process of translation, which is the stage of protein synthesis where amino acids are assembled into a polypeptide chain based on the sequence of codons in mRNA.
3. Recall that during translation, tRNA molecules have a specific structure that includes an anticodon region complementary to the mRNA codons and an attachment site for amino acids.
4. Recognize that tRNA is the type of RNA responsible for delivering amino acids to the ribosome, ensuring they are added in the correct sequence dictated by the mRNA codons.
5. Conclude that the correct answer to the question is Transfer RNA (tRNA), as it directly participates in the transport of amino acids during protein synthesis.