Which two types of microscopes are commonly used to produce three-dimensional (3D) images of specimens?

• A. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and brightfield light microscope
• B. Phase-contrast microscope and darkfield microscope
• C. Fluorescence microscope and compound light microscope
• D. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscope

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the purpose of the question: It asks about microscopes that produce three-dimensional (3D) images of specimens. This means we need to focus on techniques that provide depth and spatial resolution.
2. Review the characteristics of the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM): SEM uses a focused beam of electrons to scan the surface of a specimen, producing detailed 3D images of its topography. It is ideal for studying surface structures.
3. Review the characteristics of the Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope: This microscope uses laser light to scan specimens and collects images at different depths, creating a 3D reconstruction of the specimen. It is commonly used in biological studies for detailed imaging of cells and tissues.
4. Compare the other options provided: Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) produces 2D images of thin sections of specimens, not 3D. Brightfield, phase-contrast, darkfield, fluorescence, and compound light microscopes are primarily used for 2D imaging and do not produce 3D reconstructions.
5. Conclude that the correct answer is Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope, as both are specifically designed to produce 3D images of specimens.