What is being separated during anaphase of mitosis?

• A. Cytoplasm
• B. Homologous chromosomes
• C. Sister chromatids
• D. Nuclear envelope

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the context of mitosis: Mitosis is a process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells from a single parent cell. It consists of several stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
2. Focus on anaphase: Anaphase is the stage of mitosis where the sister chromatids are separated and pulled towards opposite poles of the cell. This is a key event in ensuring that each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes.
3. Differentiate between sister chromatids and homologous chromosomes: Sister chromatids are identical copies of a single chromosome, connected by a centromere. Homologous chromosomes, on the other hand, are pairs of chromosomes (one from each parent) that are similar but not identical.
4. Recognize the role of the spindle fibers: During anaphase, spindle fibers attached to the centromeres shorten, pulling the sister chromatids apart to opposite ends of the cell.
5. Clarify the incorrect options: The cytoplasm is divided during cytokinesis, not anaphase. Homologous chromosomes are separated during meiosis, not mitosis. The nuclear envelope is reformed during telophase, not anaphase.