Why are duplications of chromosomal regions suspected to be especially important to evolution?

• A. They increase genetic diversity by creating new gene functions.
• B. They always lead to harmful mutations that are eliminated by natural selection.
• C. They prevent any changes in the organism's phenotype.
• D. They reduce the overall genetic variation within a population.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that chromosomal duplications involve the copying of a segment of DNA, which can result in multiple copies of a gene or genes.
2. Recognize that having multiple copies of a gene can lead to genetic redundancy, where one copy maintains the original function while others are free to accumulate mutations.
3. Consider how these mutations in the duplicated genes can lead to new gene functions, potentially providing an evolutionary advantage if the new function is beneficial.
4. Acknowledge that this process increases genetic diversity within a population, as it introduces new genetic material that can be acted upon by natural selection.
5. Conclude that chromosomal duplications are important to evolution because they provide raw material for the development of new traits and adaptations, enhancing the potential for evolutionary change.