Which of the following correctly matches the structure and function associated with white matter in the central nervous system?

• A. Bundles of myelinated axons that transmit signals between different brain regions
• B. Clusters of neuronal cell bodies involved in processing information
• C. Areas containing unmyelinated axons and glial cells for local communication
• D. Regions rich in synapses and dendrites responsible for integration of sensory input

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the key terms in the question: 'white matter' and its role in the central nervous system (CNS). White matter primarily consists of myelinated axons, which are axons covered by a fatty substance called myelin that helps speed up the transmission of electrical signals.
2. Differentiate between white matter and gray matter. White matter is composed of myelinated axons and is responsible for transmitting signals between different regions of the CNS. In contrast, gray matter contains neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, and synapses, which are involved in processing and integrating information.
3. Analyze the options provided in the question. Look for the description that matches the structure (myelinated axons) and function (signal transmission) of white matter.
4. Eliminate incorrect options: For example, 'Clusters of neuronal cell bodies' and 'Regions rich in synapses and dendrites' describe gray matter, not white matter. Similarly, 'Areas containing unmyelinated axons and glial cells' does not accurately describe white matter.
5. Select the correct answer: 'Bundles of myelinated axons that transmit signals between different brain regions' is the correct match for the structure and function of white matter in the CNS.