What does the central dogma of molecular biology state?

• A. DNA is translated directly into protein without RNA involvement.
• B. RNA is transcribed into DNA, which is then translated into protein.
• C. Proteins are transcribed into RNA, which is then translated into DNA.
• D. DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is then translated into protein.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. The central dogma of molecular biology describes the flow of genetic information within a biological system.
2. It states that genetic information is transferred from DNA to RNA through a process called transcription.
3. During transcription, a segment of DNA is used as a template to synthesize a complementary RNA strand.
4. The RNA, specifically messenger RNA (mRNA), then serves as a template for protein synthesis in a process called translation.
5. In translation, the mRNA sequence is read by ribosomes to assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain, forming a protein.