How does the density of ice compared to liquid water help keep aquatic animals alive during winter?

• A. Ice is less dense than liquid water, causing it to sink and mix with the water below.
• B. Ice is less dense than liquid water, allowing it to float and insulate the water below.
• C. Ice is denser than liquid water, causing it to sink and insulate the water below.
• D. Ice and liquid water have the same density, so ice forms a uniform layer throughout the water.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of density: Density is defined as mass per unit volume. In the case of water, ice is less dense than liquid water, which is why it floats.
2. Explore the molecular structure: Ice has a crystalline structure that forms due to hydrogen bonding, creating a lattice that is less dense than the more compact arrangement of molecules in liquid water.
3. Consider the implications for aquatic life: When ice forms on the surface of a body of water, it acts as an insulating layer, preventing the water below from freezing solid and maintaining a habitable environment for aquatic organisms.
4. Analyze the environmental impact: The floating ice layer helps to regulate the temperature of the water below, ensuring that aquatic life can survive even in cold winter conditions.
5. Reflect on the importance of this phenomenon: The ability of ice to float is crucial for the survival of ecosystems in cold climates, as it preserves the liquid state of water beneath the ice, allowing life to continue.