Which of the following sequences best summarizes the gradual development of atherosclerosis?

• A. Plaque formation → endothelial injury → lipid accumulation → narrowing of artery → fatty streaks
• B. Narrowing of artery → fatty streaks → endothelial injury → plaque formation → lipid accumulation
• C. Endothelial injury → lipid accumulation → formation of fatty streaks → plaque formation → narrowing of artery
• D. Lipid accumulation → narrowing of artery → endothelial injury → plaque formation → fatty streaks

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of atherosclerosis: Atherosclerosis is a condition where arteries become narrowed and hardened due to the buildup of plaque, which can lead to cardiovascular diseases.
2. Recognize the sequence of events in the development of atherosclerosis: It typically begins with endothelial injury, which is damage to the inner lining of the blood vessels.
3. Explain lipid accumulation: After endothelial injury, lipids (fats) accumulate at the site of damage, contributing to the formation of fatty streaks.
4. Describe the formation of fatty streaks: Fatty streaks are early signs of atherosclerosis, consisting of lipid deposits and immune cells within the arterial wall.
5. Conclude with plaque formation and narrowing of the artery: Over time, fatty streaks develop into plaques, which can narrow the artery and restrict blood flow, leading to potential health complications.