Which process occurs in both the lytic cycle and the lysogenic cycle of a virus?

• A. Destruction of the host cell
• B. Integration of viral DNA into the host genome
• C. Attachment of the virus to the host cell
• D. Replication of viral DNA

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the lytic and lysogenic cycles: The lytic cycle results in the destruction of the host cell, while the lysogenic cycle involves the integration of viral DNA into the host genome.
2. Identify common steps: Both cycles begin with the virus attaching to the host cell, which is a necessary step for the virus to inject its genetic material into the host.
3. Attachment process: During attachment, the virus recognizes and binds to specific receptors on the surface of the host cell, which is crucial for the subsequent entry of viral DNA or RNA.
4. Consider replication: In both cycles, replication of viral DNA occurs, but the outcomes differ. In the lytic cycle, replication leads to the production of new viruses, while in the lysogenic cycle, the viral DNA integrates into the host genome and replicates along with it.
5. Conclude the commonality: The attachment of the virus to the host cell is a shared initial step in both the lytic and lysogenic cycles, making it a fundamental process in viral infection.