What is the primary function of ribosomes in eukaryotic cells?

• A. Lipid storage
• B. Protein synthesis
• C. DNA replication
• D. Photosynthesis

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the role of ribosomes: Ribosomes are complex molecular machines found within all living cells, responsible for synthesizing proteins by translating messenger RNA (mRNA).
2. Identify the process of protein synthesis: Protein synthesis involves two main stages, transcription and translation. Ribosomes play a crucial role in the translation stage, where mRNA is decoded to build polypeptide chains, which then fold into functional proteins.
3. Distinguish ribosomes from other cellular functions: While lipid storage, DNA replication, and photosynthesis are important cellular processes, they are not directly related to the function of ribosomes. Lipid storage occurs in organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, DNA replication takes place in the nucleus, and photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts.
4. Recognize the location of ribosomes: In eukaryotic cells, ribosomes can be found floating freely in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum, forming rough ER. This positioning allows them to efficiently synthesize proteins needed by the cell.
5. Conclude the primary function: Based on the understanding of ribosomes and their role in the cell, the primary function of ribosomes in eukaryotic cells is protein synthesis, as they are directly involved in translating genetic information into functional proteins.