What is the function of tRNA in translation?

• A. To unwind the DNA double helix
• B. To carry amino acids to the ribosome
• C. To form the peptide bonds between amino acids
• D. To synthesize mRNA from a DNA template

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the process of translation: Translation is the process by which the genetic code carried by mRNA is decoded to produce a specific sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain.
2. Identify the role of tRNA: tRNA, or transfer RNA, is crucial in translation as it carries amino acids to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.
3. Explore the structure of tRNA: tRNA molecules have a specific structure that includes an anticodon region that pairs with the corresponding codon on the mRNA strand, ensuring the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain.
4. Examine the interaction with ribosomes: tRNA molecules bring amino acids to the ribosome, where the ribosome facilitates the formation of peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids, thus elongating the polypeptide chain.
5. Clarify the distinction from other processes: Unlike DNA unwinding or mRNA synthesis, which involve other molecules like helicase and RNA polymerase, tRNA's primary function is to transport amino acids during translation.