Which two carbon sinks play a major role in removing carbon dioxide (\(\mathrm{CO_2}\)) from the atmosphere?

• A. Volcanoes and fossil fuels
• B. Forests and oceans
• C. Deserts and glaciers
• D. Mountains and urban areas

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of a carbon sink: A carbon sink is a natural system that absorbs and stores carbon dioxide (\(\mathrm{CO_2}\)) from the atmosphere, helping to regulate the Earth's carbon cycle.
2. Identify the major natural carbon sinks: Forests and oceans are the two primary carbon sinks. Forests absorb \(\mathrm{CO_2}\) through the process of photosynthesis, while oceans absorb \(\mathrm{CO_2}\) from the atmosphere and store it in dissolved forms or as part of marine organisms.
3. Eliminate incorrect options: Volcanoes and fossil fuels are sources of \(\mathrm{CO_2}\) emissions, not sinks. Deserts and glaciers do not play a significant role in absorbing \(\mathrm{CO_2}\). Mountains and urban areas are also not major contributors to \(\mathrm{CO_2}\) removal.
4. Focus on the correct answer: Forests and oceans are the correct answer because they actively remove \(\mathrm{CO_2}\) from the atmosphere and store it in biomass or water.
5. Conclude with the importance of these sinks: Forests and oceans are critical for maintaining the balance of \(\mathrm{CO_2}\) in the atmosphere, mitigating climate change, and supporting ecosystems.