In the context of cell signaling and the immune response, what is the primary role of memory cells?

• A. To provide a rapid and enhanced response upon re-exposure to a specific antigen
• B. To directly destroy pathogens during the initial infection
• C. To produce antibodies during the primary immune response
• D. To suppress the activity of helper T cells

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the concept of memory cells in the immune system. Memory cells are specialized lymphocytes (B cells and T cells) that are formed after an initial exposure to a specific antigen during the primary immune response.
2. Step 2: Recall the primary role of memory cells. Their main function is to 'remember' the specific antigen and provide a rapid and enhanced immune response upon re-exposure to the same antigen.
3. Step 3: Eliminate incorrect options based on the role of memory cells. For example, memory cells do not directly destroy pathogens (this is the role of cytotoxic T cells) or suppress helper T cells (this is the role of regulatory T cells).
4. Step 4: Clarify that memory cells are not primarily responsible for producing antibodies during the primary immune response. This is the role of plasma cells derived from B cells during the initial infection.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the correct answer is: 'To provide a rapid and enhanced response upon re-exposure to a specific antigen,' as this aligns with the primary function of memory cells in adaptive immunity.