Which of the following is essential for all organisms and required for their survival?

• A. Cellulose
• B. Chlorophyll
• C. Water (\(H_2O\))
• D. Hemoglobin

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the question: The problem is asking which substance is essential for all organisms and required for their survival. This means we are looking for a universal requirement across all forms of life.
2. Analyze the options: Review each option to determine if it is universally essential for all organisms. For example, cellulose is a structural component in plants, chlorophyll is specific to photosynthetic organisms, and hemoglobin is specific to certain animals for oxygen transport.
3. Focus on water (\(H_2O\)): Water is a universal solvent and is involved in numerous biological processes, such as maintaining cell structure, facilitating chemical reactions, and regulating temperature. It is essential for all known forms of life.
4. Eliminate incorrect options: Cellulose, chlorophyll, and hemoglobin are not universally required by all organisms. They are specific to certain groups of organisms (e.g., plants or animals).
5. Conclude: Based on the analysis, water (\(H_2O\)) is the correct answer as it is essential for the survival of all organisms.