Which of the following membrane activities requires energy from ATP hydrolysis?

• A. Osmosis
• B. Active transport
• C. Simple diffusion
• D. Facilitated diffusion

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that the cell membrane regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell, and different processes are involved in this regulation.
2. Identify that osmosis, simple diffusion, and facilitated diffusion are passive transport processes, meaning they do not require energy input from ATP. They rely on the concentration gradient to move substances across the membrane.
3. Recognize that active transport is a process that moves substances against their concentration gradient, from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration.
4. Active transport requires energy because it is moving substances against the natural flow, which is why it uses ATP (adenosine triphosphate) as an energy source.
5. Conclude that among the given options, active transport is the membrane activity that requires energy from ATP hydrolysis, as it involves the use of energy to move substances against their concentration gradient.