Why does transcription occur in the nucleus and not in the cytoplasm in eukaryotes?

• A. The cytoplasm is too acidic for transcription to occur.
• B. The nucleus provides a protected environment for DNA and RNA processing.
• C. Transcription requires high temperatures only found in the nucleus.
• D. The cytoplasm lacks the necessary enzymes for transcription.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the role of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells: The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that houses the cell's genetic material (DNA). It provides a controlled environment for processes involving DNA, such as transcription.
2. Recognize the importance of protecting DNA: The nucleus protects DNA from potential damage that could occur in the cytoplasm, where various metabolic activities take place. This protection is crucial for maintaining the integrity of genetic information.
3. Identify the location of transcription machinery: In eukaryotic cells, the enzymes and factors required for transcription, such as RNA polymerase and transcription factors, are located in the nucleus. This localization ensures that transcription occurs in a suitable environment.
4. Consider the need for RNA processing: In eukaryotes, the initial RNA transcript (pre-mRNA) undergoes processing steps such as capping, polyadenylation, and splicing. These processes occur in the nucleus before the mature mRNA is transported to the cytoplasm for translation.
5. Evaluate the statement about the cytoplasm: The statement that the cytoplasm lacks the necessary enzymes for transcription is accurate. Transcription enzymes are specifically localized in the nucleus, making it the appropriate site for transcription in eukaryotic cells.