What is the relationship between the nucleus and ribosomes in eukaryotic cells?

• A. Ribosomes are located inside the nucleus and function to replicate DNA.
• B. The nucleus synthesizes ribosomal RNA, which is then used to assemble ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
• C. The nucleus directly produces proteins that are assembled by ribosomes.
• D. Ribosomes are responsible for transporting genetic material from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the role of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells: The nucleus is the control center of the cell, containing the cell's genetic material (DNA). It is responsible for synthesizing ribosomal RNA (rRNA), which is a crucial component of ribosomes.
2. Learn about ribosomes: Ribosomes are the cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis. They are composed of rRNA and proteins and are found in the cytoplasm and on the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
3. Explore the process of ribosome assembly: The nucleus synthesizes rRNA, which is then transported to the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm, rRNA combines with ribosomal proteins to form ribosomes.
4. Clarify the relationship between the nucleus and ribosomes: The nucleus does not directly produce proteins; instead, it provides the rRNA necessary for ribosome assembly. Ribosomes then use messenger RNA (mRNA) transcribed from DNA to synthesize proteins.
5. Debunk common misconceptions: Ribosomes are not located inside the nucleus, nor do they replicate DNA. They do not transport genetic material; rather, they translate mRNA into proteins in the cytoplasm.