Which of the following cell types is likely to demonstrate the lowest level of telomerase activity?

• A. Somatic skin fibroblasts
• B. Germ cells
• C. Embryonic stem cells
• D. Cancer cells

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the role of telomerase: Telomerase is an enzyme that adds repetitive nucleotide sequences to the ends of chromosomes (telomeres), preventing them from shortening during cell division. This activity is crucial for cells that divide frequently or need to maintain their genetic integrity over many divisions.
2. Analyze the cell types: Germ cells, embryonic stem cells, and cancer cells typically have high levels of telomerase activity because they divide frequently or need to maintain their telomeres for long-term survival. Somatic skin fibroblasts, on the other hand, are differentiated cells that divide less frequently and generally have lower telomerase activity.
3. Consider the biological significance: Somatic cells, like skin fibroblasts, are not involved in reproduction or indefinite division. They are more likely to undergo aging and eventual senescence, which is associated with reduced telomerase activity and telomere shortening.
4. Compare telomerase activity levels: Germ cells and embryonic stem cells require high telomerase activity to ensure the integrity of their telomeres during rapid and frequent divisions. Cancer cells also exhibit high telomerase activity to support uncontrolled proliferation. Somatic skin fibroblasts, being non-reproductive and less proliferative, demonstrate the lowest level of telomerase activity among the options.
5. Conclude based on the analysis: The cell type most likely to demonstrate the lowest level of telomerase activity is somatic skin fibroblasts, as they are differentiated cells with limited division potential and reduced telomerase expression.