Which of the following describes an advantage of internal fertilization over external fertilization?

• A. Increased protection of gametes from environmental hazards
• B. Greater genetic diversity among offspring
• C. Reduced energy expenditure during mating
• D. Higher number of offspring produced

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of fertilization: Fertilization is the process by which male and female gametes (sperm and egg) combine to form a zygote. It can occur internally, within the body of the organism, or externally, outside the organism's body.
2. Identify the key differences between internal and external fertilization: Internal fertilization involves the direct transfer of sperm into the female's body, providing a controlled environment for the gametes. External fertilization typically occurs in aquatic environments where gametes are released into the water.
3. Consider the environmental factors: Internal fertilization offers increased protection of gametes from environmental hazards such as temperature fluctuations, predators, and desiccation, which are more prevalent in external fertilization.
4. Evaluate the implications for genetic diversity: While internal fertilization does not inherently increase genetic diversity, it does allow for selective mating and potentially more controlled genetic combinations.
5. Analyze the energy expenditure and offspring production: Internal fertilization may require more energy during mating due to courtship and copulation, but it often results in fewer offspring with higher survival rates due to the protection and care provided to the developing embryos.