Which of the following best describes peat?

• A. A protein produced by white blood cells during an immune response
• B. A mineral essential for bone formation in vertebrates
• C. A partially decayed plant material found in wetlands that accumulates in waterlogged conditions
• D. A type of igneous rock formed from cooled magma

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Begin by identifying the term 'peat' and its relevance in biology. Peat is not a protein, mineral, or rock, so focus on its ecological and biological context.
2. Step 2: Understand that peat is formed from partially decayed plant material. This occurs in environments where decomposition is slowed, such as waterlogged conditions in wetlands.
3. Step 3: Recognize the role of waterlogged conditions in peat formation. These conditions limit oxygen availability, which slows microbial activity and prevents complete decomposition of organic matter.
4. Step 4: Note that peat accumulates over time in wetlands, creating a dense layer of organic material. It is often used as a fuel source and plays a role in carbon storage in ecosystems.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the best description of peat is 'A partially decayed plant material found in wetlands that accumulates in waterlogged conditions,' as this aligns with its biological and ecological characteristics.