During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate from each other?

• A. Anaphase
• B. Telophase
• C. Metaphase
• D. Prophase

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the process of mitosis, which is the division of a single cell into two genetically identical daughter cells. Mitosis consists of several phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
2. Recall that sister chromatids are identical copies of a chromosome connected by a centromere. During mitosis, these chromatids need to be separated to ensure each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes.
3. Review the phases of mitosis: - **Prophase**: Chromosomes condense and become visible, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and the mitotic spindle begins to form. - **Metaphase**: Chromosomes align at the metaphase plate, a central region in the cell. - **Anaphase**: Sister chromatids are pulled apart by the spindle fibers towards opposite poles of the cell. - **Telophase**: Chromatids reach the poles, nuclear envelopes reform, and the cell begins to divide.
4. Focus on the key event of anaphase, where the sister chromatids are separated. This is facilitated by the shortening of spindle fibers attached to the centromeres, pulling the chromatids to opposite ends of the cell.
5. Conclude that the phase during which sister chromatids separate is **Anaphase**. This separation is crucial for ensuring that each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes.