Which of the following statements is true about plants and cellular energy during photosynthesis?

• A. Plants generate ATP directly from sunlight without any intermediate processes.
• B. Plants convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.
• C. Plants use oxygen to produce glucose during photosynthesis.
• D. Plants release carbon dioxide as a byproduct of photosynthesis.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the process of photosynthesis: Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose. This process primarily occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells.
2. Identify the role of light energy: During photosynthesis, light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll and other pigments in the chloroplasts. This energy is used to drive the synthesis of glucose from carbon dioxide and water.
3. Recognize the production of ATP and NADPH: In the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, light energy is used to produce ATP and NADPH, which are energy carriers. These molecules are then used in the Calvin cycle to synthesize glucose.
4. Clarify the role of oxygen: Oxygen is produced as a byproduct of the light-dependent reactions when water molecules are split to release electrons, protons, and oxygen gas.
5. Understand the overall equation: The general equation for photosynthesis is 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + light energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂. This shows that carbon dioxide and water are converted into glucose and oxygen, not the other way around.