Which of the following is the primary pigment involved in capturing light energy during photosynthesis?

• A. Carotene
• B. Chlorophyll a
• C. Anthocyanin
• D. Xanthophyll

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the context of the question: Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy. Pigments are molecules that absorb specific wavelengths of light, and the primary pigment is the one most directly involved in this process.
2. Identify the role of pigments in photosynthesis: Pigments absorb light energy and transfer it to the photosynthetic reaction center. Different pigments absorb different wavelengths of light, but the primary pigment is the one that plays a central role in the light-dependent reactions.
3. Review the properties of the pigments listed: Chlorophyll a is the main pigment directly involved in the light reactions of photosynthesis. Carotene, anthocyanin, and xanthophyll are accessory pigments that assist by capturing additional wavelengths of light and passing the energy to chlorophyll a.
4. Recall the structure and function of chlorophyll a: Chlorophyll a absorbs light most efficiently in the blue-violet and red parts of the spectrum. It is located in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts and is essential for the conversion of light energy into chemical energy.
5. Conclude that chlorophyll a is the primary pigment involved in capturing light energy during photosynthesis, as it directly participates in the light-dependent reactions and is indispensable for the process.