What often causes the loss of bone mass seen in osteoporosis in older women?

• A. A decrease in estrogen levels after menopause
• B. Excessive vitamin D intake
• C. An increase in insulin production
• D. Overproduction of growth hormone

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the condition: Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by a decrease in bone density and strength, making bones more fragile and prone to fractures.
2. Recognize the biological factor: Estrogen plays a critical role in maintaining bone density by regulating the activity of osteoblasts (cells that build bone) and osteoclasts (cells that break down bone).
3. Identify the life stage: After menopause, estrogen levels significantly decrease in women, which disrupts the balance between bone formation and resorption, leading to bone loss.
4. Evaluate the options: Excessive vitamin D intake, increased insulin production, and overproduction of growth hormone are not directly linked to the loss of bone mass seen in osteoporosis. The decrease in estrogen levels is the most relevant cause.
5. Conclude the reasoning: The correct answer is 'A decrease in estrogen levels after menopause,' as this hormonal change is the primary factor contributing to osteoporosis in older women.