Scientists commonly call humans 'superorganisms'. What is this description referring to?

• A. Humans are the most intelligent and influential organisms on the planet.
• B. Each human is an ecosystem for trillions of microorganisms.
• C. Humans are the only organisms that determine the success of other organism species.
• D. Each human is host to a unique species of microorganism.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the term 'superorganism': In biology, a superorganism is an organism consisting of many organisms. This term is often used to describe a complex social structure where individuals work together as a single entity.
2. Consider the human body: The human body is home to trillions of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other microbes. These microorganisms live in various parts of the body, such as the gut, skin, and mouth.
3. Recognize the role of microorganisms: These microorganisms play crucial roles in maintaining health, aiding in digestion, protecting against pathogens, and contributing to the immune system.
4. Evaluate the ecosystem analogy: Just like an ecosystem, the human body provides a habitat and resources for these microorganisms, and in return, they perform essential functions that benefit the host.
5. Conclude why humans are called 'superorganisms': The term 'superorganism' for humans highlights the interdependent relationship between humans and their resident microorganisms, emphasizing that each human is an ecosystem for these trillions of microorganisms.