Multiple Choice
In the context of natural selection, which term describes the value of an animal as a parent, measured by its relative contribution of viable offspring to the next generation?
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22. Evolution of Populations
Natural Selection
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In the context of natural selection, which statement best describes "the process by which evolution occurs"?
A
Random changes in allele frequencies due to chance events, especially in small populations
B
Individuals acquire beneficial traits during their lifetime and pass those traits to their offspring
C
The movement of individuals between populations that introduces or removes alleles
D
Differential survival and reproduction of individuals with heritable traits, leading to changes in allele frequencies over generations
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that evolution is defined as a change in allele frequencies within a population over time.
Recognize that natural selection is a mechanism of evolution where individuals with certain heritable traits have higher survival and reproductive success.
Identify that these advantageous traits increase in frequency in the population because individuals possessing them leave more offspring.
Distinguish natural selection from other processes like genetic drift (random changes), gene flow (movement of alleles between populations), and Lamarckian inheritance (acquiring traits during a lifetime).
Conclude that the process by which evolution occurs through natural selection is best described as the differential survival and reproduction of individuals with heritable traits, leading to changes in allele frequencies over generations.
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