Which of the following accurately describes the structure of ribosomes?

• A. They are made entirely of proteins arranged in a helical structure.
• B. They are composed of ribosomal RNA and proteins, forming two distinct subunits.
• C. They consist of a double lipid bilayer enclosing a central matrix.
• D. They are single-membrane-bound organelles containing DNA.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the function of ribosomes: Ribosomes are cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis, and their composition is closely tied to this function.
2. Recall the molecular components of ribosomes: Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. These components work together to facilitate the translation of mRNA into proteins.
3. Identify the structural organization of ribosomes: Ribosomes consist of two distinct subunits, typically referred to as the small subunit and the large subunit. These subunits assemble during protein synthesis.
4. Eliminate incorrect options: Review the provided options and rule out descriptions that do not match the known structure of ribosomes, such as those involving lipid bilayers, helical protein arrangements, or DNA-containing organelles.
5. Select the correct answer: Based on the accurate description of ribosomes, choose the option that states they are composed of ribosomal RNA and proteins, forming two distinct subunits.