Why is it important for multicellular eukaryotes to regulate which genes are expressed at any given time?

• A. To ensure that different cell types can perform specialized functions by expressing specific sets of genes.
• B. To allow all cells in the organism to express the same genes at the same time.
• C. To prevent the synthesis of any proteins in the cell.
• D. To increase the rate of DNA replication in all cells.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of gene expression: Gene expression refers to the process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize functional products, such as proteins. In multicellular eukaryotes, different cell types express different sets of genes to perform specialized functions.
2. Recognize the importance of regulation: Multicellular organisms consist of various cell types (e.g., muscle cells, nerve cells, skin cells), each with unique roles. Regulation of gene expression ensures that the correct genes are activated in the right cells at the right time, enabling specialization.
3. Eliminate incorrect options: Analyze the provided choices. For example, 'To allow all cells in the organism to express the same genes at the same time' is incorrect because not all cells need the same proteins. Similarly, 'To prevent the synthesis of any proteins in the cell' is incorrect because proteins are essential for cellular function. Lastly, 'To increase the rate of DNA replication in all cells' is unrelated to gene expression regulation.
4. Focus on the correct reasoning: The correct answer is 'To ensure that different cell types can perform specialized functions by expressing specific sets of genes.' This highlights the role of gene regulation in enabling cellular differentiation and specialization.
5. Summarize the biological significance: Gene regulation is crucial for multicellular eukaryotes to maintain homeostasis, adapt to environmental changes, and ensure proper development and function of tissues and organs.