Which of the following is included in Mendel's Law of Segregation?

• A. Each individual has two alleles for each gene, which segregate during gamete formation.
• B. Dominant alleles mask the expression of recessive alleles.
• C. Genes are located on chromosomes.
• D. Alleles for different traits are inherited independently of each other.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that Mendel's Law of Segregation is one of the fundamental principles of genetics, which states that during the formation of gametes (sperm and egg cells), the two alleles for a given trait separate, so that each gamete receives only one allele.
2. Recognize that each individual organism inherits two alleles for each gene, one from each parent. These alleles can be either identical (homozygous) or different (heterozygous).
3. During gamete formation, the alleles segregate, meaning that the alleles are separated into different gametes. This ensures that offspring have a 50% chance of inheriting either allele from a parent.
4. Identify that the statement 'Each individual has two alleles for each gene, which segregate during gamete formation' directly describes Mendel's Law of Segregation.
5. Note that the other statements provided, such as 'Dominant alleles mask the expression of recessive alleles' and 'Alleles for different traits are inherited independently of each other,' relate to other genetic principles like dominance and Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment, respectively.