Which of the following processes occurs as part of transcription?

• A. Replication of DNA
• B. Translation of RNA into protein
• C. Modification of proteins
• D. Synthesis of RNA from a DNA template

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of transcription: Transcription is the process by which the information in a DNA sequence is copied into a complementary RNA sequence. This is the first step in gene expression.
2. Identify the key components involved in transcription: The main components are the DNA template, RNA polymerase enzyme, and ribonucleotides (the building blocks of RNA).
3. Recognize the role of RNA polymerase: RNA polymerase binds to the DNA at a specific region called the promoter and unwinds the DNA strands to access the template strand.
4. Describe the synthesis of RNA: RNA polymerase reads the DNA template strand and synthesizes a single-stranded RNA molecule by adding complementary ribonucleotides. This process follows base pairing rules, where adenine pairs with uracil and cytosine pairs with guanine.
5. Conclude the transcription process: Once RNA polymerase reaches a termination signal on the DNA, it releases the newly synthesized RNA strand, which can then undergo further processing before being used in translation.