What occurs during the lysogenic cycle of a virus?

• A. The viral DNA integrates into the host genome and replicates with it without causing immediate harm.
• B. The virus immediately begins to replicate and lyse the host cell.
• C. The virus forms a protective envelope around itself to evade the host's immune system.
• D. The virus uses the host's ribosomes to synthesize viral proteins.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the lysogenic cycle: The lysogenic cycle is one of the two cycles of viral reproduction, the other being the lytic cycle. In the lysogenic cycle, the virus integrates its genetic material into the host cell's genome.
2. Integration of viral DNA: During the lysogenic cycle, the viral DNA becomes part of the host cell's DNA. This integration allows the viral DNA to be replicated along with the host cell's DNA during cell division.
3. Replication without harm: Unlike the lytic cycle, the lysogenic cycle does not immediately harm the host cell. The viral DNA is replicated passively as the host cell divides, allowing the virus to persist in the host without causing immediate damage.
4. Potential activation: The viral DNA can remain dormant within the host genome for an extended period. However, certain triggers, such as stress or environmental changes, can activate the viral DNA, leading to the lytic cycle where the virus begins to replicate actively and lyse the host cell.
5. Distinguish from other viral activities: It's important to note that the lysogenic cycle does not involve the virus forming a protective envelope or using the host's ribosomes to synthesize viral proteins immediately. These activities are more characteristic of the lytic cycle or other viral strategies.