Which of the following best describes the primary role of RNA within the cell?

• A. RNA directly catalyzes the breakdown of glucose during cellular respiration.
• B. RNA provides structural support to the cell membrane.
• C. RNA acts as a messenger carrying genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.
• D. RNA stores genetic information for long-term inheritance.

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the role of RNA in the cell: RNA is a nucleic acid that plays a crucial role in gene expression and protein synthesis. It does not store genetic information long-term (this is the role of DNA) or provide structural support to the cell membrane.
2. Recognize the types of RNA and their functions: Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes, where proteins are synthesized. Transfer RNA (tRNA) helps in translating the mRNA sequence into amino acids, and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) forms part of the ribosome structure.
3. Eliminate incorrect options: RNA does not catalyze the breakdown of glucose during cellular respiration (this is primarily the role of enzymes like hexokinase and other proteins). RNA also does not provide structural support to the cell membrane, as this is the role of lipids and proteins.
4. Focus on the correct function: RNA acts as a messenger by transcribing genetic information from DNA in the nucleus and transporting it to the ribosome in the cytoplasm, where protein synthesis occurs.
5. Conclude with the correct description: The primary role of RNA is to act as a messenger carrying genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis, which is essential for cellular function and development.