What is the role of the centromere during cell division?

• A. It initiates the replication of DNA during the S phase.
• B. It regulates the timing of the cell cycle phases.
• C. It holds sister chromatids together until they are separated during anaphase.
• D. It forms the spindle fibers that pull chromosomes apart.

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the structure of a chromosome: Each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids joined together at a region called the centromere.
2. Recognize the role of the centromere: The centromere is crucial during cell division, particularly in mitosis and meiosis, as it holds the sister chromatids together.
3. Identify the phase of cell division where the centromere is most active: During anaphase, the centromere plays a key role as it allows the sister chromatids to be pulled apart by spindle fibers.
4. Differentiate the centromere's function from other cell division components: Unlike spindle fibers, which are responsible for pulling chromatids apart, the centromere's primary function is to maintain the connection between sister chromatids until the appropriate time for separation.
5. Clarify misconceptions: The centromere does not initiate DNA replication or regulate the cell cycle timing; its main function is structural, ensuring proper chromatid separation during cell division.