Why are there no trees in the tundra biome?

• A. The permafrost prevents deep root growth necessary for trees.
• B. The high temperatures in the tundra cause trees to dry out.
• C. The tundra receives too much rainfall for trees to survive.
• D. The soil in the tundra is too acidic for any plant life.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the tundra biome: The tundra is characterized by extremely cold temperatures, short growing seasons, and a layer of permafrost (permanently frozen soil) beneath the surface.
2. Analyze the role of permafrost: Permafrost prevents water drainage and creates a barrier that roots cannot penetrate deeply, which is essential for the stability and growth of trees.
3. Evaluate the other options: High temperatures are not characteristic of the tundra biome, so trees drying out due to heat is not a valid explanation. Additionally, the tundra does not receive excessive rainfall; it is actually one of the driest biomes. Lastly, while tundra soil may have some acidity, it supports plant life such as mosses, lichens, and shrubs, so this is not the primary reason for the absence of trees.
4. Conclude the correct explanation: The permafrost is the key factor that prevents deep root growth, which is necessary for trees to survive and thrive in the tundra biome.
5. Summarize the ecological impact: The tundra's unique conditions favor low-growing vegetation adapted to shallow root systems, such as mosses, lichens, and small shrubs, rather than trees.