Which of the following statements regarding diffusion is false?

• A. The rate of diffusion increases with higher temperature.
• B. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
• C. Diffusion can occur across a selectively permeable membrane.
• D. Diffusion requires the direct input of cellular energy (ATP) to occur.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of diffusion: Diffusion is the passive movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, driven by the concentration gradient, without requiring cellular energy (ATP).
2. Analyze the statement 'The rate of diffusion increases with higher temperature': Higher temperature increases the kinetic energy of molecules, making them move faster and increasing the rate of diffusion. This statement is true.
3. Evaluate the statement 'Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration': This is the fundamental definition of diffusion and is correct.
4. Examine the statement 'Diffusion can occur across a selectively permeable membrane': Diffusion can indeed occur across such membranes, as long as the membrane allows the specific molecules to pass through. This statement is true.
5. Assess the statement 'Diffusion requires the direct input of cellular energy (ATP) to occur': Diffusion is a passive process and does not require ATP. This statement is false, making it the correct answer to the question.