Which of the following actions is NOT part of the acute cell signaling pathway in response to a stroke?

• A. Activation of neurotransmitter receptors leading to calcium influx
• B. Immediate repair of damaged DNA via homologous recombination
• C. Release of inflammatory cytokines by glial cells
• D. Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the context of the problem: A stroke triggers acute cell signaling pathways that involve rapid cellular responses to damage, such as neurotransmitter receptor activation, calcium influx, inflammatory cytokine release, and ROS generation. These processes are immediate and aim to manage the damage caused by the stroke.
2. Analyze the options provided: Each action listed represents a biological response. Activation of neurotransmitter receptors leading to calcium influx is a rapid signaling event. Release of inflammatory cytokines by glial cells is part of the immune response. Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a common consequence of cellular stress.
3. Focus on the concept of DNA repair: Homologous recombination is a precise and slower process used for repairing DNA damage. It requires time and specific conditions, making it unsuitable for immediate responses during acute signaling pathways.
4. Compare homologous recombination to the other options: While the other actions are immediate and part of acute signaling, homologous recombination is a delayed process that occurs after the initial damage control mechanisms have been activated.
5. Conclude that homologous recombination is NOT part of the acute cell signaling pathway in response to a stroke, as it is a longer-term repair mechanism rather than an immediate response.