Which biomolecule is primarily responsible for insulation and long-term energy storage in animals?

• A. Nucleic acids
• B. Proteins
• C. Carbohydrates
• D. Lipids

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Begin by understanding the function of each biomolecule listed in the problem. Nucleic acids are responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information, proteins perform a wide range of functions including catalysis (enzymes), structural support, and signaling, and carbohydrates are primarily used for short-term energy storage and structural purposes.
2. Step 2: Recall the role of lipids in biological systems. Lipids are a diverse group of hydrophobic molecules that include fats, oils, and waxes. They are primarily responsible for long-term energy storage due to their high energy density and are also involved in insulation, protecting animals from temperature extremes.
3. Step 3: Compare the functions of lipids with the other biomolecules listed. Lipids are uniquely suited for long-term energy storage because they can store more energy per gram than carbohydrates, and their hydrophobic nature makes them ideal for insulation.
4. Step 4: Eliminate the incorrect options based on their primary functions. Nucleic acids do not play a role in energy storage or insulation, proteins are not specialized for long-term energy storage, and carbohydrates are used for short-term energy storage rather than long-term.
5. Step 5: Conclude that lipids are the correct answer because they are the biomolecules primarily responsible for insulation and long-term energy storage in animals.