What is the main function of the endoplasmic reticulum in a plant cell?

• A. Photosynthesis
• B. Energy production
• C. Protein synthesis and processing
• D. Cell division

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle found in eukaryotic cells, including plant cells.
2. Recognize that the ER is divided into two types: rough ER and smooth ER. The rough ER is studded with ribosomes, which are essential for protein synthesis.
3. Identify that the main function of the rough ER is to synthesize and process proteins. These proteins are often destined for the cell membrane, lysosomes, or secretion outside the cell.
4. Acknowledge that the smooth ER is involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification processes, but not directly in protein synthesis.
5. Conclude that the primary role of the endoplasmic reticulum, particularly the rough ER, in a plant cell is protein synthesis and processing, distinguishing it from other functions like photosynthesis or energy production, which are carried out by other organelles such as chloroplasts and mitochondria, respectively.