Which of the following best describes the primary function of photosynthesis in plants?

• A. To absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide
• B. To convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose
• C. To break down glucose and release energy
• D. To produce ATP through the process of glycolysis

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the process of photosynthesis: Photosynthesis is a biological process in plants where light energy is converted into chemical energy stored in glucose molecules. This occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells.
2. Identify the key components involved in photosynthesis: The process requires light energy (usually from the sun), carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the atmosphere, and water (H₂O) absorbed by the plant's roots.
3. Recognize the primary function: The main goal of photosynthesis is to produce glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆), a form of chemical energy, which can be used by the plant for growth, reproduction, and other metabolic activities. Oxygen (O₂) is released as a byproduct.
4. Eliminate incorrect options: Absorbing oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide is the opposite of photosynthesis (it describes cellular respiration). Breaking down glucose and releasing energy is also part of cellular respiration, not photosynthesis. Producing ATP through glycolysis is unrelated to the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.
5. Conclude with the correct answer: The primary function of photosynthesis is to convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose, which is essential for the plant's survival and energy needs.