What happens when adaptive radiation occurs?

• A. A single species rapidly evolves into multiple new species to fill different ecological niches.
• B. A species migrates to a new habitat without undergoing significant evolutionary changes.
• C. Multiple species merge into a single species due to genetic similarities.
• D. A species becomes extinct due to environmental changes.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of adaptive radiation: It is an evolutionary process where a single ancestral species rapidly diversifies into a variety of new forms to occupy different ecological niches.
2. Identify the key characteristics of adaptive radiation: It typically occurs when a species colonizes a new environment with diverse habitats or after a mass extinction event that leaves many niches unoccupied.
3. Consider examples of adaptive radiation: The classic example is Darwin's finches on the Galápagos Islands, where a single ancestral species evolved into multiple species with different beak shapes and sizes to exploit different food sources.
4. Analyze the options given in the problem: Determine which option aligns with the definition and characteristics of adaptive radiation.
5. Conclude that the correct scenario for adaptive radiation is when a single species rapidly evolves into multiple new species to fill different ecological niches, as this matches the process described in evolutionary biology.