What is one way in which the movement of energy and chemicals differ in an ecosystem?

• A. Energy is recycled, while chemicals flow in one direction.
• B. Both energy and chemicals are recycled in the same manner.
• C. Energy flows in one direction, while chemicals are recycled.
• D. Neither energy nor chemicals are recycled in ecosystems.

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of energy flow in an ecosystem: Energy enters an ecosystem through sunlight, which is captured by producers (like plants) during photosynthesis. This energy is then transferred through the food chain from producers to consumers and eventually to decomposers.
2. Recognize that energy flow is unidirectional: As energy moves through the ecosystem, it is used by organisms for growth, reproduction, and other life processes. During these processes, energy is lost as heat due to the second law of thermodynamics, meaning it cannot be reused by the ecosystem.
3. Understand the concept of chemical cycling: Unlike energy, chemicals such as carbon, nitrogen, and water are recycled within ecosystems. These elements move through biogeochemical cycles, which involve biological, geological, and chemical processes.
4. Identify the key difference: The main difference between energy and chemical movement in ecosystems is that energy flows in one direction and is not recycled, while chemicals are continuously cycled and reused within the ecosystem.
5. Apply this understanding to the problem: Based on the concepts of energy flow and chemical cycling, the correct statement is that energy flows in one direction, while chemicals are recycled in ecosystems.