Which type of cellular macromolecule primarily composes the fertility factor (F factor) in bacteria?

• A. Lipid
• B. Protein
• C. Nucleic acid (DNA)
• D. Carbohydrate

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the context: The fertility factor (F factor) in bacteria is a genetic element that allows for the transfer of genetic material during conjugation. This process involves the exchange of DNA between bacterial cells.
2. Recall the types of cellular macromolecules: The four major types of macromolecules are lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. Each has distinct functions and structures within the cell.
3. Identify the role of the F factor: Since the F factor is involved in the transfer of genetic material, it must be composed of nucleic acids, specifically DNA, as DNA is the molecule responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information.
4. Eliminate incorrect options: Lipids are primarily involved in membrane structure and energy storage, proteins perform enzymatic and structural functions, and carbohydrates are used for energy and structural purposes. None of these are directly involved in genetic information transfer.
5. Conclude that the F factor is composed of nucleic acids (DNA), as this macromolecule is essential for genetic material transfer during bacterial conjugation.