How does wildfire help restore soil nutrients?

• A. By causing soil erosion that washes nutrients away
• B. By lowering soil pH to levels unsuitable for nutrient uptake
• C. By removing all organic matter and leaving the soil nutrient-poor
• D. By releasing nutrients from burned plant material back into the soil

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the role of wildfires in ecosystems: Wildfires are natural events that can play a significant role in nutrient cycling within ecosystems. They help release nutrients stored in plant material back into the soil, making them available for new plant growth.
2. Analyze the process of nutrient release: When plant material burns, the organic matter is broken down, and nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are released in the form of ash. These nutrients are then deposited into the soil.
3. Evaluate the incorrect options: The first option, 'By causing soil erosion that washes nutrients away,' is incorrect because soil erosion typically depletes nutrients rather than restoring them. The second option, 'By lowering soil pH to levels unsuitable for nutrient uptake,' is also incorrect because wildfires do not necessarily lower soil pH to harmful levels. The third option, 'By removing all organic matter and leaving the soil nutrient-poor,' is incorrect because not all organic matter is removed, and the ash contributes nutrients to the soil.
4. Focus on the correct mechanism: The correct answer is that wildfires release nutrients from burned plant material back into the soil. This process enriches the soil and supports the growth of new vegetation.
5. Summarize the ecological benefit: Wildfires, while destructive in the short term, can have long-term ecological benefits by replenishing soil nutrients and promoting biodiversity in the affected area.