Which of the following processes relies directly on energy from the Sun?

• A. Cellular respiration
• B. Fermentation
• C. Photosynthesis
• D. Nitrogen fixation

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the processes listed in the problem: Cellular respiration, Fermentation, Photosynthesis, and Nitrogen fixation.
2. Recall the definition of photosynthesis: It is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy from the Sun into chemical energy stored in glucose molecules. This process directly relies on sunlight.
3. Understand that cellular respiration and fermentation are processes that break down glucose to release energy, but they do not directly rely on sunlight. Instead, they use the chemical energy stored in glucose, which may have been produced during photosynthesis.
4. Consider nitrogen fixation: It is the process by which certain bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia or other usable forms for plants. While it is essential for life, it does not directly rely on sunlight.
5. Conclude that photosynthesis is the only process among the options that directly depends on energy from the Sun.