14. DNA Synthesis

DNA Polymerases

DNA polymerase 1, 2 and 3

 involves two leading strands and no lagging strands 

 No. Both eukaryotic and prokaryotic replication involve leading and lagging strands. 

 No. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA replication are semiconservative. 

 No. Prokaryotic DNA replication has a single origin; eukaryotic DNA replication has multiple origins. 

 No. Although error rates may be low, replication is not error-free. 

Consider the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA.

Unlike prokaryotic DNA replication, replication of eukaryotic chromosomes __________.

How DNA Polymerase Works

DNA polymerase                   .
a. attaches sister chromatids at the centromere;
b. synthesizes daughter DNA molecules from fats and phospholipids;
c. is the enzyme that facilitates DNA synthesis;
d. causes cancer cells to stop dividing

Draw a phylogeny of major populations of modern humans that would reject the out-of-Africa hypothesis.

DNA polymerase I

DNA Polymerase Requirements

DNA POLYMERASE MOVES 5' TO 3'

DNA Polymerase

 synthesize an RNA primer to initiate DNA strand synthesis 

 No. Helicase separates the two strands. 

 All of the listed responses are correct. 

 No. Only one of the answers is correct. 

 attach free nucleotides to the new DNA strand 

The suffix "-ase" refers to an enzyme. Consider the relationship of this enzyme to polymers.

The role of DNA polymerases in DNA replication is to __________.

Genetic diversity in living human populations is highest in Africa and decreases as a function of distance traveled by the human migration that left Africa many millennia ago. Draw a graph to show this trend. (Hint: What is the independent variable? What is the dependent variable? What kind of graph is appropriate for this kind of data? Add a label where you would expect to find a data point for the Yanomamö tribe of the Amazon rain forest in South America. Why is it important to use indigenous people for this study? <IMAGE>

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